一、古鸟亚纲(Archaeornithes) 或蜥尾亚纲(Saururae)始祖鸟目(Archaeopterygiformes)二、新鸟亚纲(Neornithes)或扇尾亚纲(Ornithurae)1、齿颌超目(Odontognathae)2、平胸超目(Ratitae)或古颌超目(Palaeognathae)3、楔翼超目(Impennes)4、突胸超目(Carinatage)或新颌超目(Neognathae)[家族树]鸟纲Aves | |一、古鸟亚纲 Archaeornithes(晰尾亚纲Saururae) |1、始祖鸟 Archaeopteryx | | |----亚纲目科未定 Incertae sedis |2、原始热河鸟Jeholornis prima | |3、朝阳会鸟Sapeornis chaoyangensis | |4、长尾雁荡鸟Yandangornis longicaudus || `--张吉营锦州鸟Jinzhouornis zhangjiyingia | || `--孔子鸟目Confuciusornithiformes |`--孔子鸟科Confuciusornithidae ||--川州孔子鸟Confuciusornis chuonzhous ||--杜氏孔子鸟Confuciusornis dui ||--圣贤孔子鸟Confuciusornis sanctus ||--孙氏孔子鸟Confuciusornis suniae |`--横道长城鸟Changchengornishengdaoziensis | | |----反鸟亚纲Enantiornithes ||--始反鸟目Eoenantiornithiformes || `--始反鸟科Eoenantiornithidae || `--步氏始反鸟Eoenantiornis buhleri ||--华夏鸟目Cathayornithiformes || |--中国鸟科Sinornithidae || | `--三塔中国鸟Sinornis santensis | | |--华夏鸟科Cathayornithidae | | | |--有尾华夏鸟Cathayornis caudatus | | | |--燕都华夏鸟Cathayornis yandica | | | `--三燕龙城鸟Longchengornis sanyanensis | | `--尖嘴鸟科Cuspirostrisornithidae | | |--侯氏尖嘴鸟Cuspirostrisornis houi | | `--六齿大嘴鸟Largirostrornis sexdentoinis | |--长翼鸟目Longipterygiformes | | `--长翼鸟科Longipterygidae | | `--朝阳长翼鸟Longipteryx chaoyangensis | `--目科未定 Incertae sedis | |--郑氏波罗赤鸟Boluochia zhengi | |--滦河冀北鸟Jibeinia luanhera | |--娇小辽西鸟Liaoxiornis delicatus | |--成吉思汗鄂托克鸟Otogornis genghisi | `--丰宁原羽鸟Protopteryx fengningensis | `----今鸟亚纲(扇尾亚纲)Ornithurae |--突胸总目Carinatae | `--鱼鸟目Ichthyornithiformes | |--鱼鸟Ichthyornis | `--虚椎鸟Apatornis |--黄昏鸟目Hesperornithiformes | `--黄昏鸟科Hesperornithidae | `--黄昏鸟亚科Hesperornithinae | `--黄昏鸟Hesperornis |--辽宁鸟目Liaoningornithiformes | `--辽宁鸟科Liaoningornithidae | `--长趾辽宁鸟Liaoningornis langiditris |--朝阳鸟目Chaoyangiformes | |--朝阳鸟科Chaoyangidae | | `--北山朝阳鸟Chaoyangia beishanensis | `--松岭鸟科 Songlingornithidae | `--凌河松岭鸟Songlingornis linghensis |--燕鸟目Yanornithiformes | `--燕鸟科Yanornithidae | `--马氏燕鸟Yanornis martini `--目科未定 Incertae sedis `--葛氏义县鸟Yixianornis grabaui -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 今鸟亚纲 分类表II --今鸟亚纲(扇尾亚纲)Ornithurae == {今鸟亚纲+ 黄昏鸟} |--+--神翼鸟Apsaravis | `--突胸总目Carinatae == {今鸟亚纲 + 鱼鸟} | | 未定: | | 未命名(接近完整的骨骼)- Campanian to Maastrichtian -- 蒙古 | |--鱼鸟目Ichthyornithiformes =Apatornithiformes | | | 未定: | | | 未命名-- 北美洲 | | |?-虚椎鸟Apatornis | | `--鱼鸟Ichthyornis | `--+--阈鸟Limenavis | `--+?-石板鸟类Lithornithiformes | `---->今鸟亚纲Neornithes `---->黄昏鸟目Hesperornithiformes --黄昏鸟目Hesperornithiformes Hesperornis forms |--大洋鸟Enaliornis `--+--帕斯基亚鸟Pasquiaornis `--+--潜水鸟Baptornis |--尤氏鸟Judinornis `--黄昏鸟科Hesperornithidae | 未定: | 白垩鸟Coniornis |--亚洲黄昏鸟Asiahesperornis |--似斯堪鸟Parascaniornis `--黄昏鸟亚科Hesperornithinae |--黄昏鸟Hesperornis `--似黄昏鸟Parahesperornis --今鸟亚纲Neornithes new birds =Aves sensu Gauthier, 1986 |--古腭超目Palaeognathae old jaws =Palaeognathia =Eoaves | | 未定: | | Eremopezus | | Remiornis | | Stromeria | |?-Eleutherornithidae * | |--鹬鸵目Tinamiformes Tinamus (tinamou) forms (tinamous) | `--平胸总目Ratitae =Ratiti | |--Apteryges | | |--无翼鸟目Apterygiformes (kiwis) | | |?-恐鸟目Dinornithiformes (moa) * | | `?-Dromornithiformes (mihirung) * | `--Struthiones | |--隆鸟目Aepyornithiformes (elephant birds) * | `--+--鹤鸵目Casuariiformes (cassowaries, emus) | `--+--美洲鸵目Rheiformes (rheas) | `--鸵形目Struthioniformes (ostriches) `--新腭超目Neognathae new jaws =Neognathia =Neoaves |--鸡形小纲Galloanserae | |?-雁形目Anseriformes (ducks, geese, swans, screamers, Presbyornis, Gastornis?) | `?-鸡形目Galliformes (turkeys, grouse, quails, pheasants, peafowl, etc.) `--+--拟鹑科Mesitornithidae `--+?-鹭科Ardeidae (herons) |--Eurypygoidea |--Otides |?-Rhynchoceti |--Gruimorphae | |--鹤形目Gruiformes (cranes, rails, etc.) | `?-Podicepiformes (grebes) |--Charadriomorphae | |--Graculavidae * | |--Ciconiimorphae | | |--红鹳科Phoenicopteriformes (flamingos) | | `--+--鹳形目Ciconiiformes (storks, spoonbills?, New World vultures?, etc.) | | `--+--鹈形目Pelecaniformes (pelicans, frigate birds, gannets, boobies, cormorants, anhingas, etc.) | | `--+--嚄形目Procellariformes (albatrosses, petrels, shearwaters, etc.) | | `--+--潜鸟目Gaviiformes (loons) | | `--企鹅目Sphenisciformes (penguins) | `--+--Burnithidae | `--鸻形目Charadriiformes | |--Charadriida (avocets, etc.) | |?-瓣蹼鹬科Phalaropodidae (phalaropes) | |--鹬小目Scolopacida (jacanas, etc.) | |--+--鸥科Laridae | | `?-Sternidae | |--+--贼鸥科Stercorariidae | | `--蟹鸻科Dromadidae | `--+--三趾鹑科Turnicidae (button quails) | `?-+--Pteroclidiformes | `--+--鸽形目Columbiformes (pigeons, doves, sandgrouse, dodo) | `--鹦形目Psittaciformes (cockatoos, parrots) `--+--Cariamae (phorusrhacids, etc.) `--+--+?-隼形目Falconiformes (falcons, caracaras) | `?-Opisthocomiformes (hoatzins, Foro?) `--+?-鹃形目Cuculiformes (cuckoos, etc.) `--+?-鹗科Pandionidae (ospreys) |?-蛇鹫科Sagittariidae (secretary birds) |--+?-蕉鹃目Musophagiformes (turacos, etc.) | `?-Accipitriformes (hawks, eagles, Old World vultures, Horusornis?) `--Anomalogonatae | 未定: | Zygodactylus |--鼠鸟目Coliiformes (mousebirds) |--Sandcoleiformes * |--+--鸮形目Strigiformes (owls) | `--+--雨燕目Apodiformes (swifts, hummingbirds) | `--夜鹰目Caprimulgiformes (goatsuckers) `--+--佛法僧目Coraciiformes (rollers, courols, etc.) `--+--咬鹃目Trogoniformes (trogons, todies, motmots, bee eaters, kingfishers, etc.) `--犀鸟形总目Bucerotimorphae |--犀鸟目Bucerotiformes (hornbills, hoopoes, etc.) `--+--啄木鸟目(鴷形目)Piciformes (barbets, toucans, woodpeckers, etc.) `--雀形目Passeriformes (songbirds, etc.) 备注： 蜥鸟亚纲(Sauriurae)这个分类建议不用目前它不是一个自然类群，多数学者不承认。 很多读者质疑川州孔子鸟是不是(C. chuonzhous[按照拼音应该是C. chuanzhous]) 答案是肯定的。然而这个种是不是真的成立，还有很大疑问。 Jibeinia为 冀北鸟 没有河北鸟该属名石板鸟类(Lithornithiformes)之石板鸟(Lithornis)乃早期的最古老的日行性猛禽，始新世，英国。